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Diseased red mangrove leaves are spotted at Camp Abaco by students in the Marine Biolgoy class at Forest Heights Academy.

Students at Forest Heights Academy measure the pH (or acidity) in their mangrove quadrats

As part of the year two program, Forest Heights Academy students measure the non-living or abiotic factors in their quadrat. This student is collecting a water sample to test the amount of dissolved oxygen in water.

Red mangroves at Camp Abaco in Marsh Harbour, Bahamas

The red mangroves of Camp Abaco line the waters edge, which is typically where they are found.

As part of Ryann Rossi's mangrove study, she found signs of diseased mangroves at Camp Abaco. BAM students also found signs of disease on the mangroves located at Camp Abaco.

Year 2 B.A.M. students climb through the mangle (mangrove forest) to measure the circumference and height of the mangrove trees as part of their mangrove monitoring activity. They also tag each tree that they measure so that they can remeasure the exact same mangroves during the third phase of the program.

Students in the year one B.A.M. program at Abaco Central High School form a giant food web. Each student respresents an organism from the mangrove food web.

Director of Education, Amy Heemsoth instructs students at Abaco Central High School about how energy in the food chain begins with the sun.

Amy Heemsoth, Director of Education helps the students throw the yarn to a student. The yarn representst the energy that is being passed from organism to organism.

"Sea cucumbers are like worms of the sea. They help to break down the detritus in the sand, recycling nutrients. " Director of Education, Amy Heemsoth explains to students in the year one B.A.M. program at Forest Heights Academy.

Grade 10 Biology students first identify the species of sea cucumber. Then, Director of Education, Amy Heemsoth reveals some of their identifying characteristics.

Students at Forest Heights Academy hold a sea cucumber. Some students are holding this organisms for the first time.

Students at Forest Heights Academy laugh when the sea cucumber jets out a stream of seawater at them.

Forest Heights Academy Biology grade 10 students look at the sea hare in awe. Most students had never even heard of a sea hare before.

Instructors give the students at Forest Heights Academy a chance to gently touch the sea hare. They were instructed not to prod or poke the sea hare or else it would ink purple, which is similar to how an octopus behaves when trying to deter predators.

Forest Heights Academy 10th grade Biology students inspect the mouth (center of organism) of a sea biscuit.

Students at Forest Heights Academy identify the species of fish as part of a mangrove food web activity.

Guest scientist, Ryann Rossi gives students at Abaco Central High School a chance to touch and hold a sea cucumber. She then explains why it is classified in the Phylum Echinodermata.

Students at Abaco Central High School touch a sea cucumber for the first time. As part of the BAM year 1 program, we bring organisms in the mangrove food web into the classroom so that students can learn about how they are connected to each other.

Director of Education, Amy Heemsoth holds a crab up for students to see. She points out the jointed appendages and exoskeleton that the animal possesses and she shows students how they can determine the sex of the animal.

Ryann Rossi, PhD Candidate at North Carolina State University explains why sea urchins and sea biscuits are all a part of the same Phylum. Students at Abaco Central High School listen intently and ask lots of probing questions.

Student at Abaco Central High School takes the stage and educates his classmates about the animals in the tank. Director of Education, Amy Heemsoth looks on with approval.

Director of Education, Amy Heemsoth holds a sea hare up for students to see and gently touch. The students are intrigued by this slimy animal that can ink just like an octopus.

It's time to return the sea hares back to the ocean. The students were really excited to see these unusual creatures.

The day that we collected animals was really windy and their were white caps everywhere, but when we returned back to our collecting spot, we couldn't have asked for a better day. It also makes for a much easier transition for the animals.

Ryann Rossi, PhD Candidate at North Carolina State University

Ryann Rossi, PhD Candidate at North Carolina State University explains the disease symptoms that the students should be looking for when collecting leaves from their quadrat.

Ryann Rossi, PhD Candidate at North Carolina State University explains how students should label their collecting bags. She also mentions that the students need to make sure that their ziploc bags are sealed so that we do not risk spreading the disease to other mangroves.

Red mangroves line the intertidal zone at Camp Abaco. Notice the many red mangrove seedlings that have taken root here.

Forest Heights Academy 12th grade Marine Biology student collects a soil sample from his group's quadrat.

Marine Biology student from Forest Heights Academy takes the soil temperature inside her quadrat. At the end of the year, students will compare the three sets of data that they collected while on BAM field trips.

BAM year 2 students from Forest Heights Academy wade into the mangrove mud to sample the pH and dissolved oxygen in their quadrats.

Forest Heights Academy group members take a time out from monitoring their mangroves to pose for a photo.

Students at Forest Heights Academy that are in the year 2 program work in teams of 5-6 people in order to monitor the mangroves in a 5 x 5 meter area.

Year 2 B.A.M. students measure the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water of their mangrove quadrat. Dissolved oxygen is the amount of oxygen in water. It is important to measure dissolved oxygen because it is necessary for aquatic forms of life.

Forest Heights students record their data in the mangrove journals.

B.A.M. student collects a water sample inside his mangrove plot. He will measure the temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and pH of the water.

Forest Heights student collected a sample of water to measure the salinty or the amount of salt in the water in her mangrove quadrat.

Director of Education, Amy Heemsoth helps students at Forest Heights Academy collect mangrove data.

B.A.M. year 2 student from Forest Heights Academy is ready to identify and measure the mangrove trees in his group's quadrat.

Amy Heemsoth, Director of Education is excited to be monitoring mangroves at Camp Abaco.

Is this a new mangrove scientist fashion statement? Sometimes students find cleaver ways to carry their equipment like this student from Forest Heights Academy.

Mangrove scientist, Ryann Rossi, posing with the specimens that she studies - mangroves.

When we visit the mangroves, it's difficult to predict what types of animals we are going to encounter. On this day we were fortunate enough to see what looks like a species of white heron.

While collecting a soil sample, students at Forest Heights Academy take time to observe nature. It looks like they might have found some sort of organism in the water.

Forest Heights Academy principal and Marine Biology teacher gives the B.A.M. program a thumbs up.

Hmm…I wonder if how fast these red mangrove dwarf trees grow compared to non-dwarf trees?

Forest Heights Academy student gets up close and personal with the mangroves so he can record data about the size of the mangrove trees in his quadrat.

During the second phase of the B.A.M. year 1 program, students learn about the mangrove food web. What better way to learn about it then to form an actual food web.

Grade 10 Biology students at Forest Heights Academy form a circle around the sun, which is where the food web begins. Each student represents a different animal in the mangrove food web.

Forest Heights Academy student pretends to be a sponge.

Students at Forest Heights Academy begin forming a food web. Each student decides who they pass energy to (thinking about what-eats-what) and then they through a ball of yarn to that student.

Energy in the mangrove food chain begins with the sun, represented by the student in the middle. The sun provides energy to mangrove trees via photosynthesis – mangrove trees provide energy to mangrove food crabs who consume the leaves – mangrove tree crabs provide energy to great blue heron. This is an example of one of the food chains that the students at Forest Heights created.

Holding on by a string - that is how delicate the mangrove food web can be. If one species is reduced in the food web or another's population greatly increases, it can effect all of the other organisms in the food web.

Ryann Rossi, PhD Candidate at North Carolina State University explains the basics of plant disease with B.A.M. year 2 students at Forest Heights Academy.

As part of the B.A.M. year 2 program, the students are learning about mangrove disease in the Bahamas and participating in ongoing science being conducted by Ryann Rossi, PhD candidate at North Carolina State University.

Before the students begin the disease activity, Ryann Rossi provides a short presentation about the mangrove disease, the types of disease, and how they plants can contract disease. During the presentation, students take notes in their Mangrove Journals.

Ryann Rossi, explains the symptoms of disease that is often seen in plants and even the mangrove trees. The most common symptom in mangrove trees in the Bahamas is necrotic or dead tissue.

Ryann Rossi, PhD Candidate at North Carolina State University explains to Forest Heights Academy students how they will isolate the potentially diseased lesions on their leaves.

Forest Heights Academy students get a chance to touch the agar in a test plate to see what it feels like. Most students have never touched or seen agar before. Students will not be able to touch the agar in their own plates or else they will contaminate their samples.

Before students begin "plating" their potentially disease leaves in agar, they first must draw their leave and label the areas where there are lesions present.

Partner from North Carolina State University, Ryann Rossi helps students to set up and sterilize their station.

FRIENDS of the Environment Outreach Officer, Cassandra Abraham helps Forest Heights Academy student to cut a small section of his potentially diseased mangrove leaf that includes diseased and non-diseased sections of the leaf.

Students at Forest Heights Academy label their agar plates so that they can later check their plates after 3 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks to see if there is any type of fungus growing.

Here is an example of a diseased mangrove leaf drawing from a student at Forest Heights Academy.

Students at Forest Heights Academy sterilize their tools before isolating the diseased portion of their mangrove leaves. Students will grow these isolations in agar plates to see if there is fungal growth present, which could indicate that the mangroves are diseased.

Students at Forest Heights Academy sterilize tweezers and scissors over an open flame before they use them to cut or pick up the diseased mangrove leaves. This prevents contamination.

Student at Forest Heights decontaminate a pair of tweezers by burning it over an open flame.

B.A.M. year 2 student from Forest Heights Academy proudly shows off his plated mangrove leaf. Now all he has to do is wait to see if fungus will begin to grow.

Forest Heights Academy Marine Biology student carefully uses a scalpel to cut or isolate a small piece of his diseased mangrove leaf. The student will place the leaf in agar and wait to see if fungus grows.

Ryann Rossi, PhD Candidate at North Carolina State University helps a student at Forest Heights Academy to isolate a piece of his diseased mangrove leaf.

Forest Heights Academy student isolates two pieces of his diseased mangrove leaf. These leaf pieces will now be placed in an agar plate.

A potentially diseased leaf that has been dissected by a Forest Heights Academy student for the B.A.M. year 2 disease experiment.

Forest Heights Academy student sterilizes a pair of tweezers before she picks up her mangrove leaf isolations and places them in an agar plate.

Students at Forest Heights Academy further sterilize the mangrove leaf isolations by placing them in a bleach solution for several seconds before transferring them to their agar plate.

Science is fun especially when you get to use interesting scientific tools and different methods!

To prevent bacterial contamination, Ryann Rossi, PhD candidate at North Carolina State University shows students how to seal their agar plates with Parafilm.

Here are a couple of proud Forest Heights Academy students who have completed isolating and plating their potentially diseased mangrove leaves.

Forest Heights Academy student drawing of a potentially disease mangrove leaf that has multiple lesions. Throughout the B.A.M. program, we try to include components of S.T.E.A.M. (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math).

Here is an interesting mangrove leaf that one of the students picked up. It is believed that this leaf was damaged by insects.

J.A.M.I.N. year 2 student from William Knibb High School measures the temperature of the soil inside his quadrat.

During the second phase of the year 2 program, this student from William Knibb High School identifies the mangrove species and measures the circumference and height of the mangrove trees in their quadrat.

Students work as teams to set up and monitor their mangrove quadrats. This team from William Knibb High School is ready to collect some data.

Classmates at William Knibb High School work together to collect and record data about their mangrove plot.

Although it is hot, students at William Knibb High School are determined to collect the data that they need to monitor their mangroves.

11th grade Biology student at William Knibb High School uses a core sampler to take a sample of soil from his mangrove quadrat. Later, he and his group will use a sieve to determine the size and quantity of the particles in the soil sample. Using a chart, the students will determine the type of soil that is in their plot (i.e. clay, sand).

J.A.M.I.N. year 2 student from William Knibb High School prepares to use a GPS. The student will record the location of the mangrove trees that he and his group are monitoring in their mangrove plot and later the students will map the mangroves.

William Knibb student uses a paint pen to mark the location where she will measure the circumference of the mangrove tree trunk. This mark will be used to accurately measure the circumference in the future.

Student groups at William Knibb High School work together to collect and record data in their mangrove plot. This student is explaining to his classmate that he has recorded the latitude and longitude of one of the mangrove trees in their plot.

Biology grade 11 teacher and science department head, Fulvia Nugent has participated in the J.A.M.I.N. program for the past three years and she is still excited every time that she goes to the mangroves with her students.

$Student from William Knibb High School measures the salinity of the water in her quadrat using a refractometer.$

$William Knibb High School student uses a refractometer to record the salt content or salinity of water in her mangrove plot.$

J.A.M.I.N. year 2 student from William Knibb High School familiarizes himself with using a clinometer, which is a tool used to help determine the height of trees.

Student from William Knibb High School takes the initiative to record data for his group.

As part of the year 2 J.A.M.I.N. program, students collect soil samples to determine the soil texture in their mangrove plot. They collect the soil using a soil corer like the one photographed.

William Knibb High School student shows off her soil sample before she labels and places it in her collection bag. Later she and her group will determine the contents.

A student from William Knibb High School carefully measures the trunk of a mangrove tree as part of the year 2 J.A.M.I.N. program.

J.A.M.I.N. participant from William Knibb High School stands by ready to record data that her group is collecting.

Director of Education, Amy Heemsoth finds evidence that there is some type of bug feasting on the mangrove leaves at the Falmouth Restoration site.

Fulvia Nugent proudly helps this group of students monitor their mangroves. This is the second year in a row that these students from William Knibb have partipated in the J.A.M.I.N. program.

J.A.M.I.N. participants from William Knibb High School gladly take a moment from collecting data to pose for a team photo.

William Knibb High School students dig a hole to collect water from their mangrove plot. The students will measure the salinity, dissolved oxygen, and pH of the water.

$These ladies from William Knibb High School use a pipette to place a couple of drops of salt water on a refractometer so they can measure its salinity.$

Collecting soil samples when the ground is hard and dry is a tough task; however, this student from William Knibb High School managed to collect a large sample.

$Sometimes there are equipment failures in the field. This student from William Knibb High School realizes that her refractometer is not giving her a correct reading. The equipment needs to be recalibrated, but in the meantime the student borrows another refractometer.$

Seville Heritage Park has partnered with the University of the West Indies and the Living Oceans Foundation to provide mangrove education to area high school students. This photo is of the great house at Seville Heritage Park, which serves as a museum. The Seville property consists of 300 acres of property that allows visitors to explore Jamaica's history and culture.

Here is the document with the location for each students' propagules in the plant flats.

In the J.A.M.I.N. year 1 program, students grown mangrove seedlings in the classroom from September until May. This year, due to Hurricane Matthew, we started in November, so the propagules are not as tall, but they are still growing tall.

The J.A.M.I.N. program is conducted using project-based learning. Typically, for eight months, students grow mangrove seedlings in the classroom in three different types of media: sand, mangrove mud, and pebbles. The students measure the growth of their propagules and then at the end they determine which media was the best type for mangrove seedlings to grow in.

The J.A.M.I.N. students mangrove seedlings look very healthy, especially the ones growing in mud. In the past, we have had trouble with boring bugs damaging the propagules.

Students at William Knibb High School can barely wait to hear about the mangrove organisms that we brought in for "show-and-tell." Many students are seeing and touching these organisms for the first time.

10th grade biology student from William Knibb High School is excited to be able to hold a sea biscuit. Notice how the sea biscuit is using sand and pieces of shell to camouflage itself.

William Knibb High School students touch a sea biscuit for the first time. Students note the bristles on the organisms and they observe how that the sea biscuit uses them to camouflage itself and move.

Students touch a sea cucumber. One student noted that the sea cucumber is slimy and squishy. She wasn't expecting that.

Shanna Thomas, Outreach Officer at the University of the West Indies allows students at William Knibb High School to hold sea urchins. She discusses how they are related to sea cucumbers, sand dollars, and sea stars.

Director of Education, Amy Heemsoth explains that sometimes Sargassum ends up in the mangroves. She explains that this macroalgae doesn't stay in one place like others do. It is a free floating species that is able to float because of the berry-like objects that contain gas.

William Knibb science teacher, Fulvia Nugent enjoys participating as much as the students do. She moderates by holding the animals so that students can touch and hold them.

William Knibb science teacher, Fulvia Nugent holds a sea urchin so that other students can get a chance to touch the organism. She holds the sea urchin upside-down so that students can see the mouth located at the center.

Students at William Knibb High School listen to Shanna Thomas talk about the anemone in the glass container. Students are not allowed to touch this delicate animal, however, Shanna waves her fingers in the tentacles so that the students can see how the anemone reacts to motion.

Some William Knibb High School students stick around after school to continue to learn more about the organisms that we brought into their classroom as part of the J.A.M.I.N. food web curriculum.

William Knibb 10th grade Biology student gets up close and personal with a sea urchin. She as fascinated by the tube feet that help the organism to move.

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Images tagged "white-mangroves"